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79 lines
3.8 KiB
79 lines
3.8 KiB
# 18V 5A H-Bridge breakout board
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* For driving **DC motors**, **coils** or other inductive loads
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* **Bi-directional** output control
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* Input **3.0-18V**
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* Output **up to 5A continuous**, up to 9A pulse
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* Works with **1.8V to 6.0V logic** level inputs
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* Overcurrent protection
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* Short circuit protection
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* Overheat protection
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* Integrated flyback diodes
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* Pretty idiot-proof
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* Uses CP2119L or TMI8260SP integrated circuit
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# Basic operation
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* Logic HIGH on the FORWARD pin makes the motor spin **FORWARD** (M+ becomes VIN, M- becomes GND)
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* Logic HIGH on the REVERSE pin makes the motor spin **REVERSE** (M+ becomes GND, M- becomes VIN)
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* Logic HIGH on BOTH pins makes the motor ACTIVELY **BREAK** (M+ becomes GND, M- becomes GND)
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* Logic LOW on BOTH pins makes the motor **FREESPIN** (M+ floats, M- floats)
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## "Analog" control
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* The power of the motor can be precisely adjusted (0-100%) by applying a PWM SQUARE WAVE to the FORWARD/REVERSE pins
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* Recommended PWM frequency: 100Hz - 5KHz
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* "analogWrite()" on Arduino produces a suitable 490Hz square wave with 255 levels of control
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# PCB assembly / component configurations
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## For Voltage 3-18V and Current 0-5A (basic configuration)
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* Populate the TMI8260 (duh!). Note where pin 1 (marked) goes!
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* Populate '2x10uF' with included ceramic capacitors
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* Populate '220uF' with included polymer aluminium capacitor. Note where the negative goes!
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* Skip the additional flyback diodes
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* This works with PWM frequencies up to 5KHz
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## For PWM frequency > 5KHz
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* If the expected current is low (<3A), you can probably just use the basic configuration
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* Otherwise, add 4x flyback diodes on the PCB
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* SS54 or SS34 diodes, in SOD-123L package
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* They are difficult to solder, sorry!
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## For Voltage<10V AND Current<2A:
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If you don't need the high power of this chip, consider using the DRV8835 module instead. It is cheaper and comes pre-assembled.
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## For ONE directional control:
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If you don't need bi-directional control, consider just using a N-MOSFET and flyback diode instead. Cheaper, simpler.
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# Built in protections
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The TMI8260/CP2119 has protection features that allow it to protect **ITSELF**
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* It cannot protect the connected motor/coil - make sure VIN is a voltage that the motor can handle!
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* It cannot fully protect the power source - make sure it can handle the current the motor will take!
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## Overcurrent / short-circuit protection
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* If the connected motor / coil attempts to take more than > 9A, overcurrent protection kicks in
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* The device will stop supplying power for approx 50 microseconds, and let the current drop
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* After that, the device will automatically retry applying current
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* This is very helpful when starting large motors from a standstill - the surge current will be effectively limited, and the motor will slowly spin up instead of taking infinity amperes.
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* This does protect the power source by limiting the consumed current to approx 9A
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* This feature relies on the inductance of the connected motor/coil. If the inductance is too low, the safety feature will not have time to react before the current becomes too high.
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## Overtemperature protection
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* If the TMI8260 gets too hot (>150C) during continuous operation, it will temporarily stop providing power to the load
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* After cooling down, it will automatically return to normal operation
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## Integrated flyback diodes
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* Inductive loads tend to induct reverse voltages that may damage drive circuitry
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* The TMI8260 has integrated flyback diodes (inside the chip) that can handle most use cases
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* The PCB has space for additional external flyback diodes, for more extreme cases (see "Use cases")
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# Parts included in the kit:
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* Breakout PCB
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* TMI8260SP-MS chip [(datasheet in Chinese)](datasheets/TMI8260SP-MS.pdf)
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* Polymer aluminium capacitor (SHENGYANG SM227M025E0600 220uF 25V)
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* 3x Ceramic capacitors (10uF 25V 0603)
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